Kings and Raj Dharma of ancient India.
The medieval period in Europe was marked by the greatest conflict of the clergy and the royal power Nothing like the international danger that had come to the ruler's oeuvre in Italy in undermining the papal authority, or the new Turkish problem of the Turkish caliph For the kings of India had never tried to be statesmen and clerics at the same time.
The sages of Vedic India were the controllers of the world of thought and had devoted themselves to human welfare On the other hand, the Kshatras were the protectors and rulers of the country The general social order of India was the result of the king's mutual interaction with the sages.
The sages of Vedic India were the controllers of the world of thought and had devoted themselves to human welfare On the other hand, the Kshatras were the protectors and rulers of the country The general social order of India was the result of the king's mutual interaction with the sages.
Indian kings also engaged in the practice of rajdharma through public welfare, an essential part of the social system of their homeland, a classic example of this practice in India during the Mauryan era.
The Mauryan era was the time when the civil administration took the right steps to improve agriculture Several thousand miles away from Chandragupta's capital Pataliputra (now Patna), the "Sudarshan Lake" was created at Kathiwar Pushyagupta, the governor of the western division of the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta, built the lake by damming a natural spring to irrigate agriculture in the area.
Chandragupta was succeeded by Emperor Ashoka, who repaired the dam The dam was further strengthened by a strong storm in 150 AD, nearly four hundred years later Shakaraja Rudradaman repaired the dam, making it three times stronger It was then breached again Then again in 458 AD, the Gupta emperor Skandagupta repaired the dam.
But then it was destroyed once again However, from the 4th century BC to the mid-5th century AD, this Sudarshan Lake provided irrigation to the agricultural lands of the subjects, thus keeping the area well-watered.
Later in the 11th century, Malavaraja dammed the Bhoja River and created a huge lake in Bholpur covering an area of 250 square miles Then the Chola king of South India Rajendra Chola built a lake 16 miles long in the 11th century to facilitate agriculture Historian Havell says, "In all the countries they ruled, there are ruins of great irrigation works everywhere, with which they helped agriculture and increased the happiness of the people.
" The religion with which the rulers of ancient India were so aggressive today was avoided.
" The religion with which the rulers of ancient India were so aggressive today was avoided.
The kings were governed by the will of their subjects Emperor Ashoka, though a Buddhist himself, gave Brahmins free rein He did not force his religion on others The Gupta kings were Param Bhagavata, or Vaishnavites, but their ministers were of other religions For example, the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II's general was a Buddhist and his minister Shikhar Swami was a Shaivite.
The Gupta era in India is called the Age of Brahmanism Samudragupta performed the Ashvamedha Yajna and composed the new versions of the Ramayana and Mahabharata Most of the Puranas were composed during the Gupta era.
The Gupta era in India is called the Age of Brahmanism Samudragupta performed the Ashvamedha Yajna and composed the new versions of the Ramayana and Mahabharata Most of the Puranas were composed during the Gupta era.
During this Samudragupta period, the Sinhala king Meghavarna obtained permission to build a Buddhist monastery at Bodhgaya for the benefit of students and Buddhist pilgrims in that country The spiritual guru of the Gupta emperor Narasimhagupta Baladitya was the learned Buddhist scholar Acharya Vasubandhu This Gupta emperor Baladitya contributed a large sum of money to the Nalanda monastery.
According to historian Coomaraswamy, this Baladitya was the founder of the Nalanda University Again, this Baladitya married his sister to a Brahmin opposed to his spiritual guru, Bodhacharya Vasubandhu The Hindu kings of the Satavahana dynasty also made large donations to the Buddhist Sangha.
According to historian Coomaraswamy, this Baladitya was the founder of the Nalanda University Again, this Baladitya married his sister to a Brahmin opposed to his spiritual guru, Bodhacharya Vasubandhu The Hindu kings of the Satavahana dynasty also made large donations to the Buddhist Sangha.
King Harshavardhana of the Pushyabhuti dynasty of Thaneswar was a Shaivite in his early life, and later became deeply attracted to Buddhism However, Brahman, Buddhist and Jain monks received great help from him The Buddhist-loving Pala kings of Bengal built Shiva temples for the Pasupata community Many, however, accused Pushyamitra Shunga and the Gauraraja Shashanka of persecuting Buddhists, based on the accounts of the Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang.
এ বিষয়ে ঐতিহাসিক ভিনসেন্ট স্মিথ বলছেন, ---
"Surprisingly, persecution was rare and the different communities generally lived together in harmony and enjoyed royal patronage almost equally.".
অন্যদিকে, রাখালদাস বন্দোপাধ্যায় জানাচ্ছেন, ---
"The story of Shashanka's persecution of the Buddhists is not entirely credible. The first reason is that the creed of the Chinese Śramaṇa was very narrow and he showed undue favoritism to his religious everywhere. If what Yuan Chong wrote was true, if Shashanka, who was determined to eradicate Buddhism, was bent on destroying all Buddhist shrines, the visitor would not have seen the rich and populous sanghāramas and viharādīs in Gauda, Rādhā, and Magadha immediately after Shashanka's death.".
Kautilya also calls the king a paymaster like his other soldiers.
কৌটিল্য বলছেন, যুদ্ধযাত্রার আগে রাজা তাঁর সৈন্যদের একসঙ্গে জড়ো করে বলবেন, ---
"The kingdom of Bhogya Tudu with equal pay, Bhabdhavish.".
That is, I am a salaried man like you, and I shall enjoy this kingdom with you Needless to say, this is the prevailing raj dharma of ancient India Later on, the foreign invaders attacked the prevailing raj dharma of India and this led to a loss of balance in the relationship between the ruler and the ruled.
We shall go on discussing these things in the series.
We shall go on discussing these things in the series.
তথ্যসূত্র:
History of Ancient Indian Civilization: Dr Prafulla Chandra Ghosh (First Chief Minister of the post-independent West Bengal Government) 2) Ancient India: Dr R C Majumder 3) The Wonder That Was India: A L Basham.
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Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3
wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum
eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla
assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred
nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer
farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus
labore sustainable VHS.
Anim pariatur cliche reprehenderit, enim eiusmod high life accusamus terry richardson ad squid. 3
wolf moon officia aute, non cupidatat skateboard dolor brunch. Food truck quinoa nesciunt laborum
eiusmod. Brunch 3 wolf moon tempor, sunt aliqua put a bird on it squid single-origin coffee nulla
assumenda shoreditch et. Nihil anim keffiyeh helvetica, craft beer labore wes anderson cred
nesciunt sapiente ea proident. Ad vegan excepteur butcher vice lomo. Leggings occaecat craft beer
farm-to-table, raw denim aesthetic synth nesciunt you probably haven't heard of them accusamus
labore sustainable VHS.
